Fuel Pathway Modeling & Regulatory Expertise      

- Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS)    

CSA provides expert consulting services to support compliance with      LCFS programs     , a regulatory program designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from transportation fuels in California and other jurisdictions. Services include:

• Developing and certifying fuel pathways

• CI calculation using GREET-based Tier IImodels    

•  Preparing documentation for submission to the California Air Resources Board (CARB).

• Offers guidance on credit generation, verification processes, and pathway updates.

With deep expertise in life cycle assessment, regulatory compliance, and carbon accounting, CSA helps fuel producers, blenders, and importers successfully participate in the LCFS program and maximize value through accurate modeling and regulatory compliance.

- Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS)    

CSA is a consulting firm specializing in fuel pathway certification and regulatory compliance. The firms supports clients in navigating the U.S. EPA’s RFS  program by:      

• Building LCA models to accurately calculate carbon intensity (CI) values and develop robust documentation for EPA submissions    

• Supporting new pathway petitions and associated documentation

• Ensuring renewable fuels meet GHG reduction thresholds vs. petroleum baselines.

With deep technical knowledge and regulatory insight, CSA empowers clients to navigate complex certification processes and advance low-carbon fuel solutions with confidence and credibility.

- Inflation Reduction Act (IRA)

CSA supports clients in leveraging the opportunities under the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), a landmark U.S. policy aimed at accelerating clean energy deployment and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. We help organizations in accessing IRA incentives related to:

• Clean fuel production

• Carbon capture

• Renewable electricity

• Manufacturing

 Our team provides strategic guidance, life cycle assessment (LCA), carbon intensity modeling, and documentation support to meet eligibility for tax credits such as

• 45V – Clean Hydrogen

• 45Q – Carbon Sequestration

• 45Z – Clean Fuel Production

With CSA’s technical and regulatory expertise, clients can confidently navigate IRA requirements and maximize the benefits of this transformative legislation.

 - EU RED & ISCC Compliance

CSA provides specialized consulting services to help clients comply with the EU Renewable Energy Directive (EU RED) and International Sustainability & Carbon Certification (ISCC). We support:

• Development of life cycle assessments (LCAs)      

• Carbon intensity (CI) modeling      

•  Preparation of documentation to meet GHG reduction thresholds and sustainability criteria.

 Our expertise ensures full traceability and alignment with both regulatory and voluntary certification standards, enabling access to European and global low-carbon fuel markets. With CSA’s technical rigor and regulatory insight, fuel producers, supply chain partners, and exporters can achieve and maintain EU RED and ISCC certification with confidence and credibility     .

- CORSIA Compliance Support

CSA provides specialized consulting services to help      clients in meet      the requirements of the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA), established by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). CORSIA aims to cap net CO₂ emissions from international aviation at 2020 levels through by promoting the use of Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAFs) and verified emissions reductions. For fuel producers and aviation stakeholders our services include:

• Developing Life Cycle Assessments (LCAs) for SAF pathways    

• Carbon intensity (CI) calculation aligned with ICAO methodologies

• Preparation of technical documentation for compliance with ICAO sustainability and MRV (Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) requirements.

With deep expertise in aviation sustainability and regulatory frameworks, CSA ensures technical rigor and credibility—empowering fuel producers, suppliers, and aviation stakeholders to access and thrive in global SAF markets.

-  Canadian Clean Fuel Regulations (CFR)

CSA offers expert consulting services to support compliance with Canada’s Clean Fuel Regulations (CFR), which aim to reduce the carbon intensity of fuels used in Canada and promote the adoption of cleaner energy alternatives. We assist fuel producers, importers, and suppliers with:

• Developing Life Cycle Assessments (LCAs)      

• Calculating carbon intensity (CI) values

• Preparing fuel pathway applications for approvals.

Our team ensures full alignment with Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) requirements, including credit generation, sustainability criteria, and reporting obligations. With CSA’s technical and regulatory expertise, clients can confidently navigate CFR processes, unlock credit opportunities, and contribute to Canada's low-carbon energy transition.

CSA Expertise Includes:

• Modeling and validating carbon intensity of fuel pathways for compliance and voluntary markets

• Development of Tier II life cycle assessment models (e.g., CA-GREET, AR-GREET, CORSIA GREET, and GHGenius) to estimate CI values of fuels